904L 9.52 * 1.24mm Bakin karfe nada tubing sinadaran bangaren, Gramophone Dreams #70: Sutherland Engineering SUTZ & Lounge Audio Copla preamp, Dynavector DV-20X2 da XX-2 MKII harsashi

Amma yayin da nake rubuta wannan shafi na wata-wata, ina nufin wani yanayi na daban, kamar tukin motar motar Ford ta 70s daga kan hanya da tattara bayanan motels da tashoshin mai.Yawon shakatawa ya kasance mai daɗi, mai sauƙi, tare da kyawawan ra'ayoyi da tsayawa a kowane gidan kayan gargajiya na mota, gonar maciji da kogon stalactite.

Ƙayyadaddun bayanai

904L 9.52*1.24mm Bakin Karfe nada tubing masu kaya

Alloy 904L tubing (UNS N08904) don amfani a aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar matsakaicin matsakaicin juriya na lalata.Alloy 904L low carbon high gami austenitic bakin karfe, asali ɓullo da su tsayayya da lalata a tsarma sulfuric acid.Saboda hadewar chromium, nickel, molybdenum da jan karfe, wannan matakin ya inganta sosai ga juriya mai ƙarfi na rage acid, musamman sulfuric acid.Alloy 904L tubing shima yana da juriya sosai ga harin chloride daga duka lalatawar ɓarna ko ɓarna da damuwa.Alloy 904L ba Magnetic bane a cikin kowane yanayi, yana da ƙarfi mai ban mamaki, kuma yana da kyakkyawan tsari da walƙiya.

Saboda wadannan kaddarorin, wanda zai iya samun alloy 904L tube a yawancin aikace-aikace.Waɗannan sun fito daga majalissar goge kayan aiki zuwa kayan aikin samar da acid da taki, sarrafa ɓangaren litattafan almara da takarda, wuraren sanyaya ruwan teku.An yi amfani da shi a cikin matakai masu ɗauke da sulfuric ko phosphoric acid, 904L yana nuna kyakkyawan juriya ga lalata daga waɗannan acid.Har ila yau, masana'antun takarda, gas, magunguna da sunadarai suna amfani da 904L don juriya da kuma amfani da su zuwa 400-450 digiri C. Alloy 904L tubing za a iya welded, machined, zafi bi da, annealed, taurare da sanyi aiki da yawa dalilai.

UNS NO8904, wanda aka fi sani da 904L, ƙaramin carbon high alloy austenitic bakin karfe ne wanda ake amfani da shi sosai a aikace-aikace inda abubuwan lalata na AISI 316L da AISI 317L basu isa ba.

Ƙarin jan ƙarfe zuwa wannan matakin yana ba shi kaddarorin juriya na lalata fiye da na yau da kullun na chrome nickel bakin karfe, musamman ga sulphuric, phosphoric da acetic acid.Duk da haka, akwai iyakacin amfani da acid hydrochloric.Har ila yau, yana da babban juriya ga pitting a cikin maganin chloride, babban juriya ga duka crevice da damuwa lalata fatattaka.Alloy 904L yayi mafi kyau fiye da sauran austenitic bakin karfe saboda mafi girma gami da nickel da molybdenum.

Matsayin ba shi da maganadisu a cikin kowane yanayi kuma yana da kyakkyawan tsari da walƙiya.Tsarin austenitic kuma yana ba da wannan ƙimar kyakkyawan ƙarfi, har zuwa yanayin zafi na cryogenic.

Babban abun ciki na chromium yana haɓakawa da kuma kula da fim mai wucewa wanda ke kare abu a cikin wurare masu lalacewa da yawa.904L yana da mafi girman juriya ga hazo na ferrite da sigma a kan sanyaya da walda fiye da sauran bakin karfe dauke da molybdenum kamar 316L da 317L.Babu haɗarin lalata intercrystalline akan sanyaya ko walda saboda ƙarancin abun ciki na carbon.Matsakaicin zafin sabis ɗin sa shine 450 ° C.

Wannan matakin yana da amfani musamman a cikin sarrafawa da aikace-aikacen bututun kayan aiki inda 316 da 317L ba su dace ba.

904L bakin karfe yana haɗa molybdenum da jan karfe tare da baƙin ƙarfe don haɓaka juriya mai girma don rage acid kamar sulfuric acid.Yana da kyau sosai ga chlorides a cikin mahalli don ƙarancin rami da ɓarnawar ɓarna, da lalata lalatawar damuwa.

904L Bakin Karfe Bututu da Tubus Samfurin Range 904L Bakin Karfe Bututu da Tubus Bayani dalla-dalla: ASTM A/ASME SA 269/677 904L Bakin Karfe Bututu da Girman Tubes (marasa kyau): 1/2 ″ NB - 8 ″ NB Bakin Karfe 90 Sizes (ERW): 1/2 ″ NB – 24 ″ NB 904L Bakin Karfe Bututu da Girman Bututu (EFW): 6″ NB – 100″ NB

»904L Bakin Karfe Bututu da Tubes Dimensions: Dukkan bututu ana kera su kuma ana bincika su/an gwada su zuwa ƙa'idodin da suka dace ciki har da ASTM, ASME da API da dai sauransu. Maɓallai Maɓallai Waɗannan kaddarorin an ƙayyade su don samfurin birgima (faranti, takarda da nada) a cikin ASTM B625 .Irin wannan amma ba dole ba ne kaddarorin da aka ƙayyade don wasu samfuran kamar bututu, bututu da mashaya a cikin ƙayyadaddun su.

Aikace-aikace

904L bakin karfe ne yadu amfani a cikin sinadaran, Pharmaceutical masana'antu, mai da gas masana'antu.Aikace-aikace na yau da kullun sun haɗa da tankuna, bawuloli, masu musayar zafi, flanges da manifolds.Bugu da ƙari na jan karfe zuwa abun da ke ciki na bakin karfe na 904L yana taimakawa dacewa da abubuwan da aka gyara kamar tankuna da sauran kayayyakin da ake amfani da su wajen sarrafa sulfuric da phosphoric acid.

A wannan watan, Zan yi tuƙi ƴan mil zuwa ƙasa na Ford odometer na yin nazarin tasirin sabon samfurin Ron Sutherland na yanzu: $3,800 transimpedance dynamic preamplifier da ake kira SUTZ.Tare da hanya, Zan kuma koma zuwa $1250 Dynavector DV-20X2 tsauri harsashi da kuma gano abin da zai iya zama mafi kyau a cikin Dynavector harsashi line: $2150 XX-2 MKII.
A ƙarshe, zan huta, in fita daga cikin mota, kuma in sake saduwa da kaina da Lounge Audio's $355 Copla preamp, wanda nake amfani da shi da ƙwazo tun bita a cikin Fabrairu 2018, amma ban yi rubutu ba tun da na yi bita.
Injiniya Sutherland SUTZ Na kwashe lokaci mai tsawo ina ƙoƙarin tunanin duk hayaniya ta lantarki da ke haifar da motsin sandar da aka haɗa da wani nau'in nada a cikin filin maganadisu.Na yi tunanin faifan rikodin rikodin yana rawa daga ƙaramin allura / cantilever / coil taro, yana shimfiɗa wayar tashin hankali tare da girgiza coil ta madaidaiciyar layin ƙarfi wanda ƙaramin maganadisu na doki ya ƙirƙira.Yayin da coils ke wucewa ta hanyar maganadisu na maganadisu, ana haifar da halin yanzu tare da tsayin su.
Na koyi zana wani sashe na dokar Faraday a makarantar firamare.A makarantar sakandare, wani malami ya bayyana dokar Lenz, wadda ta fi wuya a fahimta: “Ƙashin wutar lantarki da ke haifar da canjin yanayin maganadisu yana haifar da wani yanayi wanda filin maganadisu ya saba wa canjin da ya haifar da shi.”
Abin mamaki shine, dokar Lenz da ƙwanƙwasa maganadisu sun zo a zuciyata lokacin da nake ƙoƙarin yin tunanin yadda matakan sauti masu sarrafawa na yanzu za su yi aiki da kuma dalilin da yasa za su shafi sautin kaset ta wannan hanya.Wannan tunowa ya sa na ba da shawarar cewa loda harsashin coil mai motsi tare da gajeriyar kewayawa (babu ƙarfin shigarwa) yana haɓaka halin yanzu da ke gudana ta cikin kwandon harsashi, wanda hakan kuma yana haɓaka jujjuyawar dokar Lenz, ta haka yana daɗaɗawa don cimma matsakaicin yuwuwar motsi na cantilever coil (labari na 1).
Sai na yi ƙoƙari in yi tunanin yadda wannan damping na yanzu zai kwatanta da damping da aka samar da shunt resistor na gargajiya a gaban mataki mai aiki.A koyaushe ina tunanin cewa duk bambance-bambance a cikin kaya / damping yana shafar yadda mai salo ya bi diddigin rikodin rikodin, kuma na yanke shawarar cewa bambance-bambancen damping (duk abin da za su kasance) suna da alhakin bambance-bambancen bin diddigin, tsagi. amo, visceral jin Cikakkun bayanai na Causal da kuma murdiya intermodulation.
Ya zuwa yanzu, Na rufe ɗimbin matakan phono da aka ɗora a layi daya, na'urori masu canzawa daban-daban, da matakan wayoyi na “transimpedance” guda uku: Lounge Audio's Copla akan $355, Dynavector's P75 MK3 phono mataki na $895, da Sutherland Injiniya's Little Loco don $3,800.
A tarihi, ɗanɗanona a cikin sake kunna kiɗan phonograph ya fi son manyan tasfotoci masu haɓaka matakan nickel waɗanda ke ƙoƙarin haɓaka yanayi da filaments na RIAA tube EQs.Kwanan nan, ko da yake, Ina ta yin ƙwanƙwasa a cikin ƙananan matakan, bayanai masu girma daga Sutherland Engineering Little Loco matakan phono mai sarrafa na yanzu da na yi amfani da ƙananan fitarwa na Sonic Lab (0.3mV), ƙananan rashin ƙarfi. (0 .6 ohm) Ultra Eminent EX harsashi mai ƙarfi.Little Loco yana da alama yana haɓaka kowane ɗan dalla-dalla wannan harsashi ya ba shi.Idan aka kwatanta da sautin fitaccen EX a kan mataki a kan Parasound Halo JC 3+ phono mataki, My Sonic-Loco combo ya kasance mafi girma (cikin sharuddan hoto da sararin sauti) da sleeker (cikin sharuddan rubutu da sikelin) - tare da wani rami a baya.Waɗannan bayanan shiru ne.
Don haka ba zato ba tsammani na makale: ta yaya zan sami duk gajeriyar shiru da microdata mara hatsi ba tare da tilasta min barin CinemaScope da fasahar matakin tube na RIAA ba?
Na bayyana wannan matsala ga abokina Chad Stelly, wanda ya kawo matsalar ga abokinmu Ron Sutherland na Injiniyan Sutherland (bayani na 2);Nan da nan Ron ya amsa, "Na warware shi!"Bayan mako guda, na shiga.Sabuwar ƙirƙira ta Ron, “SUTZ” preamplifier transimpedance, zuwa 47 kΩ shigarwar maganadisu mai motsi na Tavish Design Adagio all-tube phono matakin.
SUTZ preamp daga Injiniya na Sutherland yana amfani da chassis 17 x 2 x 13 ″ iri ɗaya kamar yadda ƙaramin Loco preamp na bayyana a cikin stereophile na Janairu 2022.A zahiri, SUTZ yayi kama da Little Loco ciki da waje.Saitunan riba iri ɗaya da aka kunna jumper guda uku kamar Little Loco.Lokacin da na tambayi abin da SUTZ ke samu, Ron ya aiko mani imel cewa duk SUTZs na gaba za su sami saitunan riba guda biyar, amma kawai ya zage ni.Amplifier transimpedance ba shi da “riba” saboda raka’o’in shigarwa (amperes) ba su dace da naúrar fitarwa ba (volts)."(shafi na 3)
Kafin in fara, ya kamata in ambaci cewa rukunin abubuwan da nake amfani da su shine abin da na kira tsarin “real-fi” duka-tube: cartridge na phono da na'ura mai ɗaukar hoto da aka haɗa da hannun Thomas 10.5.Schick Dr. Feickert Blackbird rotary EQ, Tavish Design Adagio phono stage ko SunValley SV EQ1616D matakin phono, Lab 12 Pre 1 matakin preamp wanda aka haɗa da Elekit TU-8600S SE amplifier (tare da Western Electric 300B tubes), don Falcon Gold.A lokacin waɗannan jita-jita, ana tunatar da ni koyaushe yadda nake ƙaunar wannan tsarin da kuma yadda aka yi rikodin shi tare da ingantaccen sauti da ingantaccen rikodin fiye da kowane tsarin da na gina tun lokacin da na fara rubuta wa Stereophile.
Dynavector DV-20X2 Tun da na sake duba shi a cikin Mafarkin Gramophone #10, babu kaset a cikin dakina da ya kunna fayafai fiye da $1,250 Dynavector DV-20X2 mai kuzari.Na kwashe daruruwan sa'o'i ina wasa da shi a kan aƙalla dozin guda.Yana wasa kamar yadda nake son harsashi masu juyawa: kintsattse, sauri, da basira.Yana da isassun mojo-vivo don yin rikodi mai kuzari tare da kaifi mai kaifi da harbi, duk yayin da gaba ɗaya annashuwa.A wannan lokacin farashin, ƙananan harsashi na iya yin duka biyun.Mutane da yawa ma ba za su iya ba.
Ko da tare da duk lokacin da aka kashe, 20X2 har yanzu yana kulawa don samar da fashe mai fashe amma kiɗa mai annashuwa, da aminci yana sake ƙirƙirar ɗayan mafi kyawun rikodi na injiniyan filin David Lewiston: Golden Rain LP "Ketjak: Ramayana Monkey Chant" (LP Nonesuch Explorer).H72028).Juyin juyayi mai ƙarfi na sufaye 200 da suke rera waƙa gaba ɗaya abin ban mamaki ne, kodayake na san za su fashe da kukan 'tak'.Sufaye a cikin tsakar gida an shirya su a cikin da'irori masu mahimmanci, wanda za a iya fahimta a kallo.A cikin natsuwa, tunanina yana son nuna wurin da ɗaiɗaikun sufaye suke waƙa a ƙarshen waɗannan da'irar.Lokacin da sufaye suka daina ihu, sautin yanayi a tsakar gida ya sa na gani na ji gabansu.Cartridges tare da wannan matakin basira ba wuya a wannan matakin farashin.
Duk lokacin da na buga "Biri Chant" tare da Dynavector 20X2 MC, Sutherland SUTZ, da SunValley SV EQ1616D duk matakin phono, na yi mamaki da mamaki saboda tsantsar haske, saurin walƙiya, da kuzari ba tare da jinkiri ba.masu wuce gona da iri suna faruwa tare da sauti masu ma'ana da kaifi tare da ganuwa tsakanin muryoyin mawaƙa.A gare ni, wannan sabon nau'in wow ne!Lokacin: SunValley Tubes sun inganta bayanan diski na yanzu da kyau.
Dynavector XX-2 MKII Chad Stelly ya yi farin ciki tare da ni a cikin rubutu game da "haɗin kai mai ban mamaki" na Dynavector XX-2 MKII kuzari tare da Sutherland SUTZ, don haka na tuntubi Mike a Toffco, Dynavector's US Distributor, Prank (babban bayanin kula 4), wanda ya tabbatar. Lura da Chadi cewa $2,150 XX-2 MKII tabbas shine "tabo na zinariya" a cikin layin Dynavector cartridge.Wannan shine lokaci mafi ban sha'awa ga Dynavector.
Har yanzu ina sha'awar harsashi na Dynavector saboda iƙirarin da suke yi na cewa suna mai da hankali kan shirin injiniya kan tushen matsalar: ƙirar maganadisu.Gidan yanar gizon su ya yi bayanin: “Kididdigar mu da gwaje-gwajenmu sun nuna cewa ko da ƙananan sauye-sauye a cikin motsi na iya haifar da canje-canje a cikin ƙarfin maganadisu a cikin tazarar iska, ta haka yana shafar karkatar da siginar fitarwa.”5 maganadisu maimakon samarium-cobalt ko neodymium-boron.Dalilin da aka bayyana na Dynavector's ƙwaƙƙwaran haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin ruwa na Dynavector da “filin maganadisu mai laushi” shine don rage girman “haɓakar maganadisu mara so”.
A cewar gidan yanar gizon Dynavector, XX-2 MKII yana amfani da Magnetic Alnico 5 (labari na 5) yayin da suke da babban ƙarfin maganadisu wanda, idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan maganadisu, "yana samar da ingantaccen filin maganadisu kuma don haka yana kiyaye ingantaccen fitarwa. irin ƙarfin lantarki"..
XX-2 MKII yana da ƙananan juriya na ciki (6 ohm) da ƙananan ƙarfin fitarwa na 0.28 mV.Motar sa tana cikin katafaren gidaje 7075 na aluminum kuma harsashi yana auna gram 9.2.An ƙayyade yarda a 10 µm/mN kuma Dynavector yana ba da shawarar ƙaramin kaya (30 ohms).
20X2 yana amfani da buɗaɗɗen MicroRidge stylus akan ƙwanƙolin bututu mai dural, yayin da XX-2, harsashi mafi arha a cikin layin Dynavector, yana amfani da madaidaicin boron cantilever tare da stylus na Pathfinder tare da layin layin 7 × 30 µm akan tip.Idan na tuna daidai, wannan shine lu'u-lu'u na Ogura da Lyra da Koetsu suka yi amfani da su.
Ƙafa ta 3: Ƙididdigar fasaha ta hanyar fasaha ta hanyar phono mai wucewa ba ta da wahala: iri ɗaya ne kamar yadda aka saba, rabon wutar lantarki zuwa shigar da wutar lantarki ko fitarwa na yanzu don shigar da halin yanzu - zaɓi ɗaya daga cikinsu.Amma wannan ba shine adadin sha'awar matakin wayar da ake shigar yanzu ba, wanda aikinsa shine canza halin yanzu zuwa wutar lantarki.Don irin wannan na'urar, kwatankwacin matakin na'ura mai canzawa ba zai yuwu ba, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa Ron Sutherland ya yanke shawarar kiran wannan samfurin SUTZ: ana iya la'akari da sabon nau'in na'ura mai canzawa, koda kuwa ba mai canzawa bane a cikin saba. hankali.Me yasa Z a karshen?Watakila saboda hanyar halitta don siffanta na'urar transimpedance shine rabon ƙarfin fitarwa zuwa shigar da halin yanzu, wanda ke da raka'a na impedance, yawanci harafin Z. - Jim Austin Jun 30 '11 a 12:00
Ƙafafun 4: Dynavector Systems Ltd., 3-2-7 Higashi-Kanda Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 101-0031 Japan.Waya: +81 (0) 3-3861-4341.Yanar Gizo: www.dynavector.com Mai Rarraba Amurka: Toffco, 2020 Washington Ave., Unit 314, St. Louis, MO 63103. Waya: (314) 454-9966.URL: dynavector-usa.com
Ƙafa ta 5: Lambobin da ke bayan “Alnico” suna nuni zuwa ga gami na musamman na aluminium, nickel, cobalt, jan karfe da ƙarfe.Alnico 5 yana da wadata musamman a cikin cobalt kuma ɗan ƙaramin maganadisu fiye da sauran Alnico gami.Ko yaya lamarin yake, gitatan wutar lantarki tare da tushen Alnico 5 suna da mafi tsaftataccen wucewa da sauti mai haske.- Jim Austin
$3,800 don matakin phono mai inganci, wanda ya fi ƙimar $89,000 mai ban mamaki don matakin CH Precision P1 phono da aka bita a makon da ya gabata.Kuma wannan "zai iya" sauti mafi kyau ga farashin 24.
Ina so in fahimci yadda matakin phono na transimpedance zai iya yin sauti a buɗe da iska lokacin da aka ɗora shi da irin wannan ƙaramin ma'auni.Shekaru na gogewa tare da matakan phono na gargajiya sun koya mani cewa rashin yin lodin da bai dace ba na iya kashe sautin harsashi.Me yasa wannan baya faruwa tare da matakan phono transimpedance?
Ka yi la'akari da shi kamar ƙananan lasifikan impedance suna aiki, suna zana / jawo ƙarin halin yanzu daga amplifier, bari mu fuskance shi, masu sauƙin fitar da masu magana suna da haske a launi fiye da ƙananan lasifikan impedance.
Mun ɗora Supex SD900 tare da 1000 ohm, 500 ohm, 100 ohm, 50 ohm da 10 ohm, mafi tsabta kuma mafi kyawun sautin damping yana a 10 ohm, amma kuna buƙatar riba mafi girma kuma "zai iya zama" mafi girma idan an tsara shi ba daidai ba.